Methylcobalamin B12

500mcg

The neurologically-active form of B12. Supports myelin synthesis, one-carbon metabolism, and homocysteine clearance. Methylcobalamin is directly usable - cyanocobalamin (used in most supplements) requires hepatic conversion that MTHFR variants cannot perform efficiently.

Category Micronutrients
Dose 500mcg
Form Methylated form - bioactive, no conversion required
Evidence Level Strong - EFSA approved health claims

Mechanism

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) exists in several forms. Methylcobalamin is the predominant form in neurological tissue - it serves as a cofactor for methionine synthase (methylating homocysteine to methionine) and is required for myelin sheath synthesis and maintenance. Elevated homocysteine, resulting from B12 or folate deficiency, is of interest in homocysteine-metabolism research.

The critical distinction from cyanocobalamin (the cheapest and most widely used form): cyanocobalamin requires two conversion steps in the liver to become methylcobalamin. Individuals with MTHFR gene variants - affecting up to 40% of people - have impaired capacity for these conversions. Methylcobalamin bypasses this entirely, providing the active cofactor directly.

Key Benefits

  • Directly bioactive - no hepatic conversion required
  • Supports myelin synthesis and neurological function
  • Clears homocysteine via methionine synthase pathway
  • Bypasses MTHFR conversion step (affects ~40% of people)
  • 500mcg = large tissue buffer supporting consistent 25-OH-B12 levels

The Research

Peer-reviewed human trials supporting this ingredient at this dose.

Watanabe F. (2007). Exp Biol Med. 232(10):1266-74.Vitamin B12 sources and bioavailability.PubMed →
Vogiatzoglou A, et al. (2008). Neurology. 71(11):826-32.Vitamin B12 status and rate of brain volume loss in community-dwelling elderly.PubMed →
Zhou L, et al. (2023). Nutr Hosp. 40(4):793-801.Vitamin B12 supplementation improves cognitive function in middle aged and elderly patients with cognitive impairment.PubMed →
In the formula

Methylcobalamin B12

500mcg

Methylated form - bioactive, no conversion required

When to take it

Any time of day. The methylated form is directly bioactive - no hepatic conversion required unlike cyanocobalamin. Sublingual or capsule form both effective.