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THE RESEARCH - VERIFIED 2026-08-25

100 citations. Every dose.

Every ingredient in Rōnin is here because peer-reviewed evidence supports it at the dose we use. Every PMID below was validated against NCBI E-utilities before publication.

33 substances6 label groups20 GB-NHC authorised100 PubMed citations

Performance & Cellular Energy

Creatine Monohydrate5,000mgGB-NHC5 CITATIONS

  1. Kreider RB, et al. (2017). J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 14:18. PMID 28615996
  2. Branch JD. (2003). Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 13(2):198–226. PMID 12945830
  3. Rae C, et al. (2003). Proc Biol Sci. 270(1529):2147–50. PMID 14561278
  4. Rawson ES, Volek JS. (2003). J Strength Cond Res. 17(4):822–31. PMID 14636102
  5. Forbes SC, et al. (2022). Nutrients. 14(5):921. PMID 35267907

Glycine2,000mg3 CITATIONS

  1. Bannai M, Kawai N. (2012). J Pharmacol Sci. 118(2):145–8. PMID 22293292
  2. Kumar P, et al. (2021). Clin Transl Med. 11(3):e372. PMID 33783984
  3. Ramos-Jiménez A, et al. (2024). Sports (Basel). 12(10):265. PMID 39453231

Shilajit500mg2 CITATIONS

  1. Pandit S, et al. (2016). Andrologia. 48:570-5. PMID 26395129
  2. Stohs SJ, (2014). Phytother Res. 28:475-9. PMID 23733436

Ubiquinol (CoQ10)100mg4 CITATIONS

  1. Langsjoen PH, Langsjoen AM. (2014). Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 3(1):13–7. PMID 27128225
  2. Mantle D, Dybring A. (2020). Antioxidants (Basel). 9(5):386. PMID 32380795
  3. Ernster L, Dallner G. (1995). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1271(1):195–204. PMID 7599208
  4. Zozina VI, et al. (2018). Curr Cardiol Rev. 14(3):164–74. PMID 29663894

Algal DHA650mg (≥250mg DHA)GB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Stonehouse W. (2014). Nutrients. 6(7):2730–58. PMID 25054550
  2. Yurko-Mauro K, et al. (2010). Alzheimers Dement. 6(6):456–64. PMID 20434961
  3. Maltais M, et al. (2022). Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 178:102415. PMID 35338847

Cognitive, Stress & Adaptogens

Ashwagandha600mg2 CITATIONS

  1. Chandrasekhar K, et al. (2012). Indian J Psychol Med. 34:255-62. PMID 23439798
  2. Lopresti AL, et al. (2019). Medicine (Baltimore). 98:e17186. PMID 31517876

Rhodiola Rosea350mg4 CITATIONS

  1. Olsson EM, et al. (2009). Planta Med. 75(2):105–12. PMID 19016404
  2. Shevtsov VA, et al. (2003). Phytomedicine. 10(2–3):95–105. PMID 12725561
  3. Ishaque S, et al. (2012). BMC Complement Altern Med. 12:70. PMID 22643043
  4. Anghelescu IG, et al. (2018). Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 22(4):242–52. PMID 29325481

L-Theanine200mg3 CITATIONS

  1. Owen GN, et al. (2008). Nutr Neurosci. 11(4):193–8. PMID 18681988
  2. Hidese S, et al. (2019). Nutrients. 11(10):2362. PMID 31623400
  3. Nobre AC, et al. (2008). Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 17 Suppl 1:167–8. PMID 18296328

Citicoline500mg2 CITATIONS

  1. Nakazaki E, et al. (2021). J Nutr. 151:2153-2160. PMID 33978188
  2. McGlade E, et al. (2019). J Atten Disord. 23:121-134. PMID 26179181

Antioxidant & Anti-inflammatory

Pine Bark Extract200mg3 CITATIONS

  1. Ryan J, et al. (2008). J Psychopharmacol. 22(5):553–62. PMID 18701642
  2. Luzzi R, et al. (2011). Panminerva Med. 53(3 Suppl 1):75–82. PMID 22108481
  3. Belcaro G, et al. (2024). Minerva Med. advance access. PMID 38197571

Astaxanthin6mg2 CITATIONS

  1. Ito N, et al. (2018). Nutrients. 10. PMID 29941810
  2. Djordjevic B, et al. (2012). J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 52:382-92. PMID 22828460

Curcumin phytosome500mg2 CITATIONS

  1. Cuomo J, et al. (2011). J Nat Prod. 74:664-9. PMID 21413691
  2. Belcaro G, et al. (2010). Panminerva Med. 52:55-62. PMID 20657536

Gut (Synbiotic)

Bacillus coagulans GBI-305 billion CFU4 CITATIONS

  1. Hun L. (2009). Postgrad Med. 121(2):119–24. PMID 19332970
  2. Baron M. (2009). Postgrad Med. 121(2):114–8. PMID 19332969
  3. Jäger R, et al. (2016). PeerJ. 4:e2276. PMID 27547577
  4. Dolin BJ. (2009). Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 31(10):655–9. PMID 20140275

Gum Arabic (acacia)5,000mg1 CITATION

  1. Calame W, et al. (2008). Br J Nutr. 100:1269-75. PMID 18466655

Essential Micronutrients

Vitamin A800 µg REGB-NHC1 CITATION

  1. Huang Z, et al. (2018). J Clin Med. 7. PMID 30200565

Vitamin C500mgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Carr AC, Maggini S. (2017). Nutrients. 9(11):1211. PMID 29099763
  2. Padayatty SJ, et al. (2004). Ann Intern Med. 140(7):533–7. PMID 15068981
  3. Michels AJ, Frei B. (2013). Nutrients. 5(12):5161–92. PMID 24352093

Vitamin D32,000 IU · 50µgGB-NHC5 CITATIONS

  1. Holick MF. (2007). N Engl J Med. 357(3):266–81. PMID 17634462
  2. Tripkovic L, et al. (2012). Am J Clin Nutr. 95(6):1357–64. PMID 22552031
  3. Pludowski P, et al. (2013). Autoimmun Rev. 12(10):976–89. PMID 23542507
  4. Pilz S, et al. (2011). Horm Metab Res. 43(3):223–5. PMID 21154195
  5. Martineau AR, et al. (2017). BMJ. 356:i6583. PMID 28202713

Vitamin E15 mg α-TEGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Jiang Q. (2014). Free Radic Biol Med. 72:76–90. PMID 24704972
  2. Peh HY, et al. (2016). Pharmacol Ther. 162:152–69. PMID 26706242
  3. Ghani SMA, et al. (2019). Clinics (Sao Paulo). 74:e688. PMID 30864639

Vitamin K2 MK-7180µgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Geleijnse JM, et al. (2004). J Nutr. 134(11):3100–5. PMID 15514282
  2. Knapen MH, et al. (2013). Osteoporos Int. 24(9):2499–507. PMID 23525894
  3. Vermeer C. (2012). Food Nutr Res. 56:5329. PMID 22489224

Vitamin B12.5mgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Lonsdale D. (2006). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 3(1):49–59. PMID 16550223
  2. Sambon M, et al. (2021). Int J Mol Sci. 22(11):5418. PMID 34063830
  3. Dhir S, et al. (2019). Front Psychiatry. 10:207. PMID 31019473

Vitamin B22.5mgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Powers HJ. (2003). Am J Clin Nutr. 77(6):1352–60. PMID 12791609
  2. Gnaiger E. (2024). J Biol Chem. 300(2):105663. PMID 38118236
  3. Bogataj Jontez N, et al. (2024). Nutrients. 16(11):1611. PMID 38931187

Niacin80 mg NEGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Mehmel M, et al. (2020). Nutrients. 12(6):1616. PMID 32486488
  2. Massudi H, et al. (2012). PLoS One. 7(7):e42357. PMID 22848760
  3. Kolotyeva NA, et al. (2024). Biomolecules. 14(12):1556. PMID 39766263

Pantothenic acid6mgGB-NHC4 CITATIONS

  1. Tahiliani AG, Beinlich CJ. (1991). Vitam Horm. 46:165–228. PMID 1746161
  2. Wedman JJ, et al. (2024). J Inherit Metab Dis. 47(1):69–86. PMID 38591231
  3. Freese R, et al. (2023). Food Nutr Res. 67. PMID 38187802
  4. Miallot R, et al. (2023). Eur J Immunol. 53(10):e2350435. PMID 37482959

Vitamin B62.8mgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Rall LC, Meydani SN. (1993). Nutr Rev. 51(8):217–25. PMID 8302491
  2. Stover PJ, Field MS. (2015). Adv Nutr. 6(1):132–3. PMID 25593152
  3. Ito T. (2022). Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 86(11):1457–66. PMID 35803498

Folate400µgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Scaglione F, Panzavolta G. (2014). Xenobiotica. 44(5):480–8. PMID 24494987
  2. Prinz-Langenohl R, et al. (2009). Br J Pharmacol. 158(8):2014–21. PMID 19917061
  3. Greenberg JA, et al. (2011). Rev Obstet Gynecol. 4(2):52–9. PMID 22102928

Vitamin B12500µgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Watanabe F. (2007). Exp Biol Med. 232(10):1266–74. PMID 17959839
  2. Vogiatzoglou A, et al. (2008). Neurology. 71(11):826–32. PMID 18779510
  3. Zhou L, et al. (2023). Nutr Hosp. 40(4):793–801. PMID 37334792

Biotin50µgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Zempleni J, et al. (2009). Biofactors. 35(1):36–46. PMID 19319844
  2. Patel DP, et al. (2017). Skin Appendage Disord. 3(3):166–9. PMID 28879195
  3. Jungert A, et al. (2022). Eur J Nutr. 61(4):1779–87. PMID 34977958

Magnesium Malate1,300mgGB-NHC5 CITATIONS

  1. de Baaij JH, et al. (2015). Physiol Rev. 95(1):1–46. PMID 25540137
  2. Schuchardt JP, Hahn A. (2017). Curr Nutr Food Sci. 13(4):260–78. PMID 29123461
  3. Nielsen FH, et al. (2010). Magnes Res. 23(4):158–68. PMID 21199787
  4. Abbasi B, et al. (2012). J Res Med Sci. 17(12):1161–9. PMID 23853635
  5. Pajuelo D, et al. (2024). Nutrients. 16(24):4367. PMID 39770988

Zinc Bisglycinate33mgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Haase H, Rink L. (2014). BioFactors. 40(1):27–40. PMID 23804522
  2. Wessels I, et al. (2017). Nutrients. 9(12):1286. PMID 29186856
  3. Devarshi PP, et al. (2024). Nutrients. 16(23):4034. PMID 39770891

Iodine150µgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Zimmermann MB. (2009). Endocr Rev. 30(4):376–408. PMID 19460960
  2. Pearce EN, et al. (2015). Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 3(9):671–2. PMID 26268908
  3. Hallam P, et al. (2024). Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 100:43–54. PMID 39586244

Selenium100µgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Rayman MP. (2012). Lancet. 379(9822):1256–68. PMID 22381456
  2. Fairweather-Tait SJ, et al. (2011). Antioxid Redox Signal. 14(7):1337–83. PMID 20812787
  3. Jäger T, et al. (2016). Arch Toxicol. 90(1):149–58. PMID 26082308

Electrolytes

Himalayan Pink Salt1,000mg3 CITATIONS

  1. Shirreffs SM, Sawka MN. (2011). J Sports Sci. 29 Suppl 1:S39–46. PMID 22150427
  2. Maughan RJ, Leiper JB. (1995). Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 71(4):311–9. PMID 8549573
  3. Li H, et al. (2024). Nutrients. 16(11):1654. PMID 38732589

Potassium Chloride300mgGB-NHC3 CITATIONS

  1. Aburto NJ, et al. (2013). BMJ. 346:f1378. PMID 23558164
  2. Huang L, et al. (2021). J Hum Hypertens. 35(6):510–18. PMID 33674705
  3. Farapti F, et al. (2022). F1000Res. 11:1198. PMID 40190487

+ 5 MORE BODY SYSTEMS - 33 SUBSTANCES - 100 CITATIONS. FULL DATASET FROM /PAGES/RESEARCH. FOUND ONE THAT DOES NOT HOLD UP? HELLO@KOJO.LIFE - FIXED WITHIN 24H.

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